Ch 6 Identity and Personality
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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identity
individual components of self concept ex: religion, sex orientation
Androgyny
both masculine and undifferentiated
Ethnic identity examples are
ancestry culture language
nationality
political borders
hierarchy of salience
situation dictates which identity is most important
Self-discrepancy theory 3 selfs
actual self ideal self ought self (what others think of us)
self-efficacy
belief in our ability to succeed
learned helplessness
state of feeling helpless, unable to avoid negative depression theory
locus of control internal external
characterize the influences in our life internal - the control of our own destiny external- feeling that others control our fate
Freud's psychosexual development was \_\_\_\_\_ but will be tested as history. 1st stage 2nd stage 3rd stage 4th stage 5th stage
Oral stage 0-1 years Anal stage 1-3 years Phallic or oedipal stage 3-5 years Latency stage - libido sublimed (socially acceptable) Genital stage-
Eriksons psychosocial development (0-1 yr) (1-3 yr) (3-6 yr) (6-12 yr) (12-20 yr) (20-40 yr) (40-65 yr) (65-death)
(0-1 yr) : trust vs mistrust (1-3 yr) : autonomy vs. shame and doubt (3-6 yr) : initiative vs. guilt (6-12 yr) : industry vs. inferiority (12-20 yr) : identity vs. role confusion (20-40 yr) : intimacy vs. isolation (40-65 yr) : generativity vs. stagnation (65-death) : integrity vs. despair
Kohlberg's stages of moral development Preconventional morality (preadolescence) conventional morality (adolescence to adulthood) postconventional morality (adulthood)
• obedience • self-interest • conformity • law and order • social contract • universal human ethics
Vygotsky: cultural and biosocial development Those skills for kids that are in the process of development (zone of _____ ______) need to have a more _______ ______
zone of proximal development knowledgeable other
theory of mind
A persons sense (interpretation) of how another’s mind works.
The psychoanalytical perspective assumes that….. Who was involved in pioneering this theory?
the unconscious internal states motivate our actions and determine personality Sigmund freud Carl Jung
Psychoanalytic perspective: Sigmund Freud id
basic, primal, and inborn urges to survive and reproduce Pleasure principle primary process
Psychoanalytic perspective: Sigmund Freud ego
operates by reality principle postpones id secondary process moderates desires of superego
Psychoanalytic perspective: Sigmund Freud superego
personality’s perfectionist pride with accomplishments guilt with failures
preconscious
thoughts we aren’t aware of yet
unconscious
repressed thoughts
Instinct: Eros Thanatos
Eros- life instincts, survival Thanatos- wish for death
Defense mechanisms: (Freud) Repression- Suppression- Regression- Reaction Formation- Projection- Rationalization- Displacement- Sublimation-
Repression- Unconscious removal of idea/feeling Suppression- Conscious removing idea/feeling Regression- Return to earlier state of development Reaction Formation- taking your desires and turning them into opposites (hey arnold) Projection- projecting feelings on someone else Rationalization- Justification Displacement- transfer feelings from one person to another Sublimation- making an unacceptable impulse into a socially acceptable
Jung identified the ego as the ______ mind. He divided the unconscious into the __________ unconscious and the ______ unconscious
conscious personal unconscious collective unconscious (common feelings by all)
Archetypes
thought or image that has similar feelings from the collective conscious (all people with similar ancestry)