Unit 2.1
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What is the functional group of an alcohol?
Hydroxyl -O-H
How do you classify a primary alcohol?
Primary alcohol is where The functional carbon is bonded to one carbon atom.
How do you classify a secondary alcohol?
The functional carbon is bonded to two carbon atoms.
How do you classify a tertiary alcohol?
The functional carbon is bonded to three carbon atoms.
What is the significance of the functional group in alcohols?
The functional group is always on the first carbon.
What are alcohols containing more than one functional group called?
They are named as polyols, e.g., propane-1,2,3-triol (glycerol), ethane-1,2-diol.
What intermolecular forces are present in alcohols?
Alcohols contain hydrogen bonds due to the highly polar O-H bond.
How do the physical properties of alcohols compare to hydrocarbons?
Alcohols have higher boiling points, are more viscous, and are less volatile than hydrocarbons with a similar mass.
Are alcohols soluble in polar solvents?
Yes, alcohols are miscible (soluble) in polar solvents.
What reaction occurs to make an alcohol from an alkene?
Addition of water - hydration.
What is the general structure of straight chain alcohols?
They have a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon chain.
What is the importance of numbering the carbon chain in alcohols?
Numbering gives the functional group the smallest number.
What is the relationship between the number of hydrogen atoms and the classification of alcohols?
Alcohols can be classified based on the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to the functional carbon.