Deck 8 (slides 42-46)

Random environmental events is another example of factors that control population __________.

Examples of random environmental events are ________, ________ ________, _______, and ________.

An example of random environmental events affecting population growth is the population of an insect species being wiped out by an ________ _______.

Populations grow _________ until they reach the _________ _________ of the environment.

After reaching the carrying capacity, the population then reaches the ________ ________ where the population rises and falls around the carrying capacity (0 average growth).

The factors that help keep the population in the steady state (keeping the population from getting too large or too small) are __________, __________, __________, _________ and _________, and _________ _____________ ________.

Human population growth grew ________ for 1,000’s of years.

After about _______ years ago, the world’s human population started to grow exponentially.

Today, the populations of U.S. and Europe have ________.

Today, many 3rd world countries (such as China, India, parts of Africa and Latin America) are still growing _______, which is a serious threat to ________ _________.

The rapid growth of 3rd world countries is a threat to global ecology because the clearing of land for housing/farms involves the destruction of the _______ _________.

The destruction of rain forests removes species’ ________, which causes __________ species, which leads to loss of _____________.

The destruction of rain forests also causes “________ _________” because he less trees means more ______ in the atmosphere.

The destruction of rain forests causes more ___________ which damages ecosystems.

Symbiosis is a _______ relationship between 2 species within a community.

There are ___ main types of symbiotic relationships.

Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits (________) and the other is harmed (______); (+,-).

Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship in which one species ________ and the other species is neither helped nor harmed (________); (+,0).

An example of commensalism is sea sponges, which provide a ________ for snails, sea stars, shrimp; the sponges are not helped or harmed, by provide _________.

Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship in which both species _________; (+,+).

An example of mutualism is clownfish, which live in the stinging tentacles of sea anemones. The clownfish are ________ from predators and the anemone benefits from the clownfish _________ ________ several species of small anemone-eating fish.

An example of mutualism is lichens, which are made of blue-green algae and fungus. The algae carry out ___________, providing fungus nutrients, which the fungus is able to absorb _______ and _________ from the rock and give some to the algae.