P3 PARTICLE MODEL OF MATTER
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
state the different states of matter in order of density of atoms?
least dense = gas = liquid =solid
describe the particle arrangement of a solid?
tightly packed in a regular arrangement. particles can only vibrate on the spot
describe the particle arrangement of a liquid?
close together , but with irregular arrangement . they can flow over each other
describe the particles arrangement of a gas?
separated , with no regular arrangement , particles can move freely
what is always conserved when a substance undergoes a change of state
mass
how can a change of state differ from chemical change?
the material can return to having its previous properties if the change is reversed.
sublimation?
when a solid changes into a gas without passing through the liquid stage
evaporation?
liquid changes into gas
condensation?
gas changes into liquid
when water boils in an open pan why does the mass of the pan of water appear to decrease?
some of the water will evaporate and turn into water vapour . this will leave the pan meaning the mass of the pan will decrease, the mass of the whole system however remains constant
explain the processes involved when a bathroom mirrors mists up?
hot water evaporates to form water vapour this water vapour lands on the cooler mirror the vapour condenses and returns to liquid on the mirrors surface
what is the internal energy of a substance?
energy stored by the particles. sum of the total kinetic potential energies that make up the system
how does heating affect the energy of a substance?
heating transfers energy to the substance. increases the energy of the particles that make up the substance
what 2 things can heating a substance do?
raise temperature change the state of the substance
what 3 factors determine the temperature change of a system?
mass of substance being heated. type of material energy inputted into the system
specific heat capacity?
the amount of energy needed to increase its temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
describe how the internal energy and temperature of a substance changes when a change of state occurs?
internal energy of a substance will be increased or decreased. temperature of the substance will remain constant.
specific latent heat?
the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature
specific latent heat fusion?
the energy required to change 1kg of a substance from soild state to liquid state without a change in temperature
specific latent heat of vaporisation?
the energy required to change 1kg of a substance from liquid state to gas state without a change in temperature
describe the motion of gas?
constant random motion
what factors affect the average kinetic energy of gas molecules?
temperature of the substance. The higher the temperature , the higher the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
what effect does increasing temperature have on the pressure of the gas when held at constant volume?
pressure of the gas increases as the temperature increases.
why does pressure increase as temperature increases?
The kinetic energy of molecules increases. collisions between molecules becomes more frequent . greater rate of change of momentum greater force and therefore pressure.