Conservation Biology Exam 3
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What are the 6 critical issues for reserve design
size, heterogeneity, shape, connectivity, human modifications, buffer zones
What is a protected area?
an area of land or sea dedicated to the protection and maintenance
What are the types of protected areas?
strict nature reserves, natural parks, national landmarks, managed reserves, protected landscapes, managed-resource protected areas
What is SLOSS?
Single Large Or Several Small reserves
What do Single Large reserves promote?
home ranges, interior spaces, larger populations
What do Several Small reserves promote?
genetic diversity, heterogeneous habitat, insurance
What is “in situ?”
at site
What is “ex situ?”
away from site
What are the 4 actions that can be taken to restore a habitat?
do nothing, revegetation, reclamation, replacement
What’s the Pombo Bill?
bill that weakened the need for critical habitat and eliminated the protection of threatened species
What’s the Redbook?
first official listing of species thought to be endangered
What’re the 4 main activities of modern zoos?
public education, species preservation, research, conservation outreach
What’re frozen zoos?
zoos that sperm or eggs and keep them frozen for long periods of time
What’s Composition?
restore what was originally there
What’s Function?
restore the functions that a species provided
What’re attributes of restored ecosystems?
contain representative communities, self-sustaining, functional, integrate with surrounding landscape, resilient, threats eliminated, use indigenous species
What’re CITES?
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, ensures international trade of animals does not threaten their survival
Appendix I?
species threatened with extinction, trade is permitted only in certain circumstances
Appendix II?
not threatened with extinction, but trade must be controlled in order to avoid endangerment
Appendix III?
protected in at least one country, asked other CITES parties to help control trade
Pros of zoos?
safety, increases populations, research on animals difficult to study in the wild, education, money
Cons of zoos?
expensive, unintentionally select for certain traits, doesn’t prepare animals for release, makes poaching lucrative, morality