Energy Resources

• period of development before practical use • further development improved: refined, efficient, effective, cheaper

competition with existing tec, whose costs have been payed for and have economic benefits of mass production

e.g burning fossil fuels -> pollution -> acid rain -> financial impacts elsewhere (building damage, crop losses, forestry damage, health affects of atmospheric pollution e.g vehicles)

loan needed for spenny equipment (but low running cost) so higher interest payments so at a financial disadvantage

between the time of depleted fossil fuels (or too spenny) and dev of new tec/ infrastructure

enviro damage could affect political polices and public opinion increasing affluence and population caused growth in demand which current supplies cannot meet

• efficient • no CO2 • no greenhouse gases • cheap to produce • steam produced can heat homes

• decommissioning plant takes 20 years and very spenny • produce heat pollution dangerous e.g Chernobyl • enviro contamination

when neutron slams into large element e.g Uranium 235 forcing it to become larger and more unstable, therefore causing it to fissure and split into 2, releasing huge amounts of energy

maintains the speed of neutrons at high energies

slow thermal neutrons are slowed by heavy isotope water which makes collisions more accurate and frequent, making it more efficient

neutrons causing fission are not slowed by any moderator. Sodium instead of water is used so does not slow the neutrons down

a fast breeder reactor where uranium- 238 (not fissile) is converted through neutron bombardment within a reactor to produce new fissile material

thorium- 232 is not fissile but can be converted to Uranium- 233 which is fissile, as thorium is a fertile fuel

material that can undergo nuclear fission when struck with a low energy neutron, e.g Uranium- 235 and plutonium- 239

material that can be converted to fissile material to neutron absorption e.g Uranium- 238 and thorium- 232

where nuclear fission takes place which contains the fuel e.g uranium and controls pins e.g borium - also where heat is generated

surrounds the reactor core that absorbs the energy from the fusion neutrons and removes heat. Also produces Tritium fuel for nuclear fusion

the length of time it takes for the radioactivity of the original isotope to decay by half

has a fertile blanket of thorium fluoride which produces Uranium- 233 after decaying. It is fuel efficient and has a lack of nuclear waste

the kinetic energy of the vertical movement of the water/ waves

a floating structure which rises and falls as waves pass, movement turns a generator

breaking waves force water into a storage reservoir (above sea level). water flows back to sea passing through a turbine - generates electricity. sea walls can be used to increase wave height -> volume of water that enters reservoir

as waves pass water moves vertically and horizontally producing a cycle. oscillating movement pushes a flat plate, which moves pistons to pump fluid over a turbine to generate electricity