Lecture 8- Stereochemistry 1/4
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Draw the family tree of isomers
definition of a structural isomer
different compounds with the same molecular formula (but a different structural formula).
Draw two structural isomers with the molecular formular C4H10
What is a stereoisomer?
Same constitutions, same formula, different spatial arrangement.
What is a conformational isomer?
Different arrangement of atoms due to bond rotation
What bonds allow for conformational isomers?
sigma bonds
Draw the two types of confirmation of ethane using the Newman projection. Name them
Is the staggered or eclipsed confirmation preferred?
Staggered because it is in a lower energy due to the C-H bonds being further from each other- minimises repulsion between electrons.
Draw a chair cyclohexane showing the equatorial and axial bonds
An axial bond is drawn upwards for every carbon that points …….. and downwards for every carbon that points ………….
up down
How do you draw equatorial bonds?
109.5 degrees from the axial bonds. If axial bond is up, equatorial is down and vice versa.
Draw ring flipping for this molecule.
In terms of ring flipping, is it preferred for groups of higher molecular mass to be in axial positions or equatorial?
Equatorial. Axial is higher in energy- groups in axial are closer together.