Period 3 and their oxides
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What is the general equation when a metal and water react
Metal + water –> metal hydroxide + Hydrogen
What are the 2 observations when sodium reacts with water
Na fizzes on the surface of the water Na Burns with a yellow flame
What is the equation for the reaction of Na with water
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) –> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
What is the ionic equation for the reaction of Na with water
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) –> 2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + H2(g)
What is observed when Mg reacts with water
Reacts very slowly forming a few bubbles
What is observed when Mg reacts with steam
Burns with a white flame to form white powder
What is the equation for when Mg reacts with water
Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) –> Mg(OH)2(s) + H2(g)
What is the equation for when Mg reacts with steam
Mg(s) + H2O(g) –> MgO(s) + H2(g)
What is the general formula for a period 3 element + oxygen
Period 3 element + oxygen –> Period 3 metal oxide
State what type of bonding metal oxides have and explain why this occurs
Large difference in electronegativity leads to ionic bonding
State what type of bonding non metal oxides have and explain why this occurs
Small difference in electronegativity leads to covalent bonding
Give 3 examples of metal oxides
Na2O MgO Al2O3
Give 4 examples of non metal oxides
SiO2 P4O10 SO2 SO3
What is the equation for when Na reacts with oxygen
4Na(s) + O2(g) –> 2Na2O(s)
What type of structure is Na2O
Ionic lattice
Describe the melting point of Na2O and explain why is has this melting point
Na2O has a high melting point Large amount of energy is required to break the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in the lattice
What is observed when Na reacts with oxygen
Na burns with yellow flame to give a white solid
What is the equation for the reaction of Mg with oxygen
2Mg(s) + O2(g) –> 2MgO(s)
What is the structure of MgO
Ionic lattice
Describe the melting point of MgO and explain why is has this melting point
High melting point Large amount of energy is required to break the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in the lattice
State and explain which has a higher melting pint, MgO or Na2O
MgO has a higher melting point than Na2O Mg2+ ions are smaller and have a greater charge. Therefore Mg2+ has a larger charge density which attracts the O2- ion more strongly
What is observed when Mg reacts with oxygen
Mg burns with a bright white flame giving off white fumes and a white solid
What is the equation for when Al reacts with oxygen
2Al(s) + 1.5O2(g) –> Al2O3(s)
What kind of bonding is in Al2O3
Ionic with covalent character