1.02 Amount of substance
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Define the Avogadro constant.
The number of particles/atoms/ions in one mole of a substance. (6.022x10 to 23)
Write the equation that links mass of 1 mol, mass of 1 atom and Avogadro’s constant.
Mass of one mole = mass of one atom x Avogadro constant.
Define percentage yield.
• Describes the efficiency of a reaction • Calculated by taking the mass of product produced / theoretical maximum (calculated by moles) all x100
How do you calculate percentage yield ?
(Mass of useful product / theoretical mass of useful product ) x100
What can the percentage yield of a practical be used to investigate ?
Efficiency of practical techniques and whether reactions proceed as estimated.
Define atom economy.
Mr of useful product over total Mr of reactants (x100)
How do you calculate atom economy ?
Mr of atoms of useful product / Mr of atoms of all reactants.
What can the atom economy of a reaction be used to investigate ?
Efficiency of using a specific reaction to produce a product.
Write the Ideal Gas Equation with units and symbols.
PV = nRT Pressure (Pa) x volume (m3) = moles x gas constant x temperature (K) R = 8.31.
What are standard conditions ?
25 C / 298K 1atm / 100kPa.
What is the conversion for C to K ?
+273.
Define empirical formula.
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.
What is the equation that links mols, concentration and volume ?
Moles = concentration x volume.
What is the equation that links moles, mass and Mr ?
Moles = mass / mr.