Soil & Soil Fertility
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Soil formation
The process by which soil develops from parent material through the combined actions of weathering, biological activity, and other soil-forming processes over time
Main components in soil formation
Weathering Volcanic Action Organic Matter Human Activities Soil Organisms
Functions of Soils
Supplies nutrients Supplies water for plant use Provides a habitat for soil organisms
Benefits of growing crops in soil
Cheaper Better anchorage Presence of beneficial micro-organisms
Factors Affecting Soil Structure
Climate Plants Microorganisms
Types of Soil Erosion
Geologic Accelerated
Soil Erosion
The loss of soil by the action of wind and water
Forms Of Soil Water
Gravitational Water Capillary Water Hygroscopic Water
Effects Of Soil Erosion
Poor vegetation cover Appearance of channels Decrease in land value
Soil and Water Conservation Methods
Forestry Terracing Windbreaks
Soil Fertility
The ability to provide plants with necessary nutrients and water in suitable quantities and ratios for their growth and reproduction, without containing harmful substances that could impede their development.
Composting
A natural process that turns organic materials and biodegradable materials into nutrient-rich soil amendment