Unit 2
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What an hydrocarbon
chemical compounds that contain the elements carbon and hydrogen only
What are the 3 families of hydrocarbons
• Alkanes • Alkenes • Cycloalkanes
What is homologous series
A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties
What’s the general formula of an Alkane
Cn H2n +2
What are alkanes
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons which only contain carbon to carbon single bonds
What’s an isomer
Hydrocarbon with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
Addition Reactions
Two molecules combine to form a single molecule.
Alcohols
Molecule containing a hydroxyl functional group, ─OH grou
Carboxylic acids
Molecule containing the carboxyl functional group, ─COOH.
Combustion
A substance reacts with oxygen releasing energy.
What are alkenes
A homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain a C=C double bond Standard solution
What is the general formula of alkenes
CnH2n
What are cycloalkanes
A homologous series of saturated cyclic hydrocarbons
What is the general formula of cycloalkanes
CnH2n
Endothermic
A reaction or process that takes in heat energy
Exothermic
A reaction or process that releases heat energy
Hydration
Addition reactions alkenes undergo with water forming alcohols.
Hydrocarbons
Compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms
Hydrogenation
Addition reaction alkenes undergo with hydrogen forming alkanes
Saturated
Compounds containing only single carbon-to-carbon bonds
Unsaturated
Compounds containing at least one carbon-to-carbon bond