PARTS & FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (CP 2025 - 2026)
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Alimentary Canal Organs
The path food travels in from the mouth to the anus
Accessory Organs
Food does not actually travel through these organs, but helps with the digestion
Mechanical Digestion
Physically breaking down foods into smaller bits
Chemical Digestion
Use of Enzymes to break down food into their building blocks (helping organic molecules)
Mouth
breaks down food, digests starch, kills germs, moistens food (AC)
Esophagus
A pathway food travels in from the mouth to the stomach (AC)
Stomach
kills germs, breaks up food, digest proteins, stores food (AC)
Small Intestine
breakdown food (proteins, starch, fats) before absorbing the nutrients for the body cells (AC)
Liver
Produces bile to help digest and break up fats (AO)
Gallbladder
Stores bile (below liver) (AO)
Pancreas
Produces enzymes to digest proteins and carbs (AO)
Large Intestines
Absorbs water (AC)
Appendix
Vestigial Structure doesn’t do anything besides bursting (AO)
Rectum
Eliminates feces (AC)
Villi
A finger-like structure that helps increases the surface area of the small intestine to easily absorb nutrients