Ch 31
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The slowest step in a mechanism is called the
Rate-determining step
What is the reaction rate?
The change of concentration of reactant or finished product with respect to time
A zero-order reaction has a constant rate which is
Independent of the reactants’ concentrations
A zero-order reaction has units of
Ms-1
A first-order reaction has units of
s-1
A second-order reaction has units of
M-1s-1
What does the collision theory of chemical kinetics state?
The rate of a reaction is proportional to the number of collisions per second between reacting molecules
Reaction rates always increase with
Increasing temperatures
An effective collision leads to the formation of products and only occurs if
Molecules collide with correct orientation and sufficient force or break and form new bonds
What is the Ae?
Minimum energy of collision needed for reaction to take place
A transition state is formed when
Molecules collide with sufficient energy and in the correct orientation
The transition state has greater energy than the
Reactants or the products
A potential energy diagram illustrates the relationship between
AE, heats of reaction, and potential energy of the system before and after the reaction
A negative enthalpy change (-∆H) indicates an
Exothermic reaction
A positive enthalpy change (∆H) indicates an
Endothermic reaction
As reactant concentrations increase, all reaction rates increase except for
0 order