Structure of the Nervous System [W3]
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What is the CNS?
Central nervous system - brain and spinal cord
What is the PNS?
Parasympathetic nervous system - nerves that carry info around the body
What are the components of the PNS?
Somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system (sympathetic division, parasympathetic division)
What is white matter?
myelinated axons
What is grey matter?
cell bodies and interneurons
What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?
Regulates body’s internal environment; more automatic processes, like heartbeat, organ function etc.
What is the function of the somatic nervous system?
Interacts with the external environment?
What is a bundle of axons called in the brain? In the body?
brain –> tract ; body –> nerve
function of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
rest + digest
function of the sympathetic division of the ANS?
activation, fight/flight
What is processed in the grey matter of the spine? What is the function of the spine?
pattern generators (i.e., for walking), simple reflexes (i.e., pulling hand away from hot stove), and more complex reflexive movements; transmit information to/from brain
layers of protection around the brain (outside to inside)
skull; meninges (Dura mater, arachnoid layer, pia mater); subarachnoid space (filled with CSF); brain
def: Blood Brain Barrier
barrier to entry for substances to get to the brain; Capillaries in brain have tight junctions which prevents free movements of substances (esp. larger substances) in/out of blood
Brain folds – why?
more surface area
def: gyrus
bumps in the brain
def: sulcus
shallow grooves in the brain
function of cerebrospinal fluid
protects the brain by acting as a “cushion”; helps to remove waste products from brain to CNS functions properly
function of cerebrospinal fluid
protects the brain by acting as a “cushion”; helps to remove some waste products from brain; could be how some fluids get to the brain
4 lobes of the brain & approx. location
frontal (front); parietal (top, back section); occipital (back); temporal (sides – think ‘temples’)
4 lobes of the brain & approx. location
frontal (front); parietal (top, back section); occipital (back); temporal (sides – think ‘temples’)
“dorsal”
above (a.k.a. superior) [think: dorsal fin]
“ventral”
below (a.k.a. inferior) [think: toward belly]
“medial”
middle
“lateral”
side