BIO UNIT 2 EVOLUTION

difference between individuals in a population

A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce -influenced by natural selection

Changes in a population over time

Nature “chooses” traits that are helpful for survival, passing those traits to offspring

humans choose desirable traits ( dog breeding)

an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce

Best adapted organism’s in an environment survive and reproduce

traits passed down to offspring which changes over time -Ex: Darwin’s finches

A trait that gives better survival chances

environmental factors affecting survival (predators, food, weather)

when organisms fight for the same limited resources

The remains and traces of past life that are found in sedimentary rock

1.Fossils 2.Biogeography 3.Embryology 4.Comparative Anatomy 5.Molecular and Genetic 6.Artificial selection 7.Coevolution

-Scientists compare the structures of different organisms, looking for evolutionary relationships

Structures that have similar structural elements but have different functions -Homologous structures indicate common ancestry

-created taxonomy (classifying organisms) -and binomial naming

Species can change over time and they may share common ancestors

-the theory of catastrophism (earths history has been shaped by sudden natural disasters) -proved extinction using fossils

-the theory of gradualism -(earth changes slowly over millions of years)

populations grow faster then food (competition for resources)

Acquired Characteristics are passed to offspring -(wrong theory)

-Theory of uniformitarianism -same processes today shaped earth in the past -earth is very old

-Natural selection + descent with modification -individuals with higher fitness survive and reproduce -Published a book titled “The origin of species”

-fossil hunter (did not receive recognition for her discoveries) -provided evidence for extinction