1 Data Representation

right to left: each bit is worth 2 times the last bit, add up all the bits with 1’s

continually divide denary number by 2 until you get to 0, and put 1 as the remainder for odd numbers. To get the binary number, read the remainders from bottom to top

for every 3 bits, right to left: each bit is worth 2 times the last bit, add up all the bits with 1’s, for 3 bits is one bit for octal

for every 4 bits, right to left: each bit is worth 2 times the last bit, add up all the bits with 1’s, for 4 bits is one bit for hexadecimal

ABC=5274 A=1010 B=1011 C=1100 ABC=1010 1011 1100 = 5274 5=101 2=010 7=111 4=100

error codes MAC (media access control) addresses IPv6 addresses HTML colour codes

the result of an equation exceeded the largest possible number which can be stored using a certain number of bits

a logical shift moves binary numbers to the left or the the right. Each shift left is equivalent to multiplying the binary number by 2 and each shift to the right is equivalent to dividing the binary number by 2

allows binary representation of negative integers the most important bit (on the far left) of the number becomes a negative there must be a one in the MIB

American Standard Code for Information Interchange a character set that consists of 7-bit codes (0-127 in denary) represents the letters, numbers and characters found on a standard keyboard, together with 32 controd codes

measuring the amplitude of the sound wave

the number of samples taken in 1 second or the frequency of sound samples taken measured in hertz (Hz)

the number of bits per sample also known as the bit depth

the smallest element of a bitmap image

the number of bits used to represent each colour for each pixel

the number of pixels that make up an image for example an image could contain 4096 x 3072

the basic unit of all computing memory storage terms the word comes from (B)inary dig(IT) the smallest unit of memory in a computer

8 bits

1 bit 1 Byte 1 kilobyte 1 megabyte 1 gigabyte 1 terabyte 1 petabyte 1 exabyte

1 bit 1 Byte 1 kibibyte 1 mebibyte 1 gibibyte 1 tebibyte 1 pebibyte 1 exbibyte

file size = image resolution (in pixels) x colour depth (in bits)

file size = sample rate (in Hz) x sample resolution (in bits) x length of sample (in seconds)

the maximum rate of transfer of data across a network

to save storage space on hard disk drives/solid state drive to reduce the time taken to stream a music or video file to reduce the time taken to upload, download or transfer a file across a network (reduces bandwidth) to reduce costs. for example, when using cloud storage, the cost is based on the size of the files stored