Periodic Trends 2
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A family (or group) is a set of elements that
Share the same properties
An electron located in the outermost shell is called
A valence electron
Characteristic of each element’s display is determined by number of
Valence electrons
Valence electrons decide how an atom will
React in a chemical reaction
Every element wants to have a
Full octet
Full octet is typically, but not always
Eight electrons in the outer shell
To get full octet, element will gain or lose
Valence electrons
Oxygen = 8 electrons so
2 electrons on inner shell 6 electrons on outer most shell
Octet rule says that atoms must combine in a way that each atom has
Eight electrons on its valence shell
Eight electrons on valence shell so that it has same configuration as
A noble gas
There are _ major groups in periodic table
Five (alkali metal, etc)
Each group on the periodic table is
Numbered
Alkali metal number
Group 1 (IA)
Alkaline earth metal number
Group 2 (IIA)
Transition metal number
Group 3-12
Halogen number
Group 17 (VIIA)
Noble gas number
Group 18 (VIIIA)
Group 13-16 contains
Metalloids
_ are the smallest group
Metalloids
Unlike major groups, Metalloids contain two categories (2)
Metals Nonmetals