Female Repro

Reproductive cycle in females tat are of an estrual species (bovine, ovine, porcine, caprine, canine, feline) RECEPTIVE TO MALE

Period of time in which a female is sexually receptive to the male for purposes of mating (one cycle/period ti the next)

Time when a female is not in estrus (non breeding season/without cycling)

Controlling estrous cycle so that high % of females in the herd express estrus

individual grown from a single somatic cell of its parent and genetically identical to it

Artificial Insemination (common technique used reproductive biology that involves placing semen into repro tract of the female by artificial techniques rather than natural mating

Abbreviation for embryo transfer, which is a procedure used to transfer embryos from a donor female to a group of recipient females

Half the normal number of chromosomes (found in sperm and ova)

Non pregnant femalesFe

Capacity to initiate, sustain, ad support reproduction

Difficult birth, intervention required

• female organ of copulation *birth canal *passageway for urine • receptor for penis during copulation • expands at parturition

• tissue is keratinized (protective secretion against lubrication ) • provides barriers *bacteriostatic • cervix is rigged due to tissue change

• copulatory organ • formic vagina (site of semen deposition (cow/ewe) • no glands (secretions come from passage of plasma components • provides lubrication • ph is acetic (5.7) *stimulates glans penis of bull

• composed of cartilage surrounded by soft tissue • openings are the external or internal Os • passageway for sperm following breeding • secretes mucous, seals off uterus during pregnancy • passageway of fetus • species specific configuration (rings, spiral, or folds)

4-5

*Organ of pregnancy * womb * incubator for fertilized ovum, nutrients to ovum * acids travel of sperm * secretory organ

• has two horns or branches and a single body • shape differs between species • PGF 2x ruminants

• transport sperm • muscle contractions • sperm motility • absorption and phagocytosis • partially prepare sperm for fertilization *provides environment for embryo *supports fetus development • fetus expelled at birth *recovers from pregnancy

Uterine endometrium releases Prostaglandin (PGF) to cause the CL to regress (corpus luteum)

Embryo provides a chemical signal (Interferon Tau) which allows the CL to be maintained

*connects the ovary to the uterus * three different regions 1. infundibulum (surrounds ovary) 2. Ampulla (transports oocyte) 3. Isthmus (transports sperm) 4. Ampulla Isthmus Junction (AlJ) site of fertilization