IT Concepts
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4 Functions of a Computer System
Input –> Process –> Output –> (Storage)
Client-to-Server Implementation (examples)
Servers on one side of the network running authentication to facilitate millions of users logging in and permitting access to specific resources based on parameters such as username, password, and system identifiers. Common across organizations.
Peer-to-Peer Implementation (examples)
Access to resources is provided without the assistance of a server. File transfer protocol is an example of peer-to-peer implementation. Common in small businesses and homes.
Types of Network Topology
Physical & Logical
2 Common Types of Networks
Local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs).
2 Types of Network Designs
Client-to-Server and Peer-to-Peer
Data & Information Management
The IT function that focuses on the efficient storage and dissemination of organization data and information to support its effective use with an eye on disaster recovery and business continuity to mitigate the high costs of losing data.
Systems Integration
The setting up and configuring the new products and programs to align with the specific organizational needs and to integrate with other systems already in use.
Software Development
Identifying and implementing systems that help the organization perform tasks more efficiently or provide novel services.
Business Analysis
Organizations analyze their processes, then assess current and anticipated needs for gaps that technology can fill.
Security
Systems in place to identify threats and prevent incidents that compromise the organization’s data or disrupt the business.
User Support
IT provides support to users by first analyzing the needs and issues, then identifying and implementing solutions so users can stay productive with minimal technical interruption.
Website Classifications
Intranet / Internet / Extranet
Business Intelligence
Systems and personnel supporting data analytics use the organization’s data to examine its past performance, identify the reasons behind past and current issues, and forecast future performance.
Project Management
The maintenance of an organization’s IT infrastructure to assure continuous functionality and implement improvements or technology changes within the general organizational IT strategy.
Outsourcing Services
When smaller organizations employ third-party, specialized IT consulting services.
5 Most Common Computing Disciplines
Computer Engineering Computer Science Software Engineering Information Systems Information Technology
Computer Engineering
(CE) A discipline that focuses on the design of hardware systems and the software that makes them work.
Computer Science
(CS) A discipline that addresses the design and implementation of software with an emphasis on developing effective ways to solve computing problems and creating new ways to use computers.
Software Engineering
(SE) A discipline that focuses on the development and maintenance of reliable and efficient software systems.
Information Systems
(IS) A discipline that focuses on integrating IT solutions meant to meet organizational business goals.
Information Technology
(IT) A Discipline that focuses more on the technology supporting information systems in an organization rather than the information residing on the systems or being communicated with them.
Data Science
Finding patterns/clusters in information; providing insight where one would not know to look.
3 (Core) Cloud-Based Systems
IaaS / PaaS / SaaS