Chapter 5: Energy Systems And Muscle Fibre Types
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Where are carbohydrates found?
Glucose and glycogen
What are the 3 energy nutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats
Where is glucose and glycogen found?
Glucose is liquid form in blood Glycogen is solid in muscle and liver
Where are proteins found?
Amino acids
Where are fats found?
Fatty acids
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosinetriphosphate
Where is ATP made?
Mitochondria
What are the two ways that ATP is resynthesized?
Aerobically and anaerobically
What is aerobic?
In the presence of oxygen, all of metabolic activity will involve oxygen
What is anaerobic?
Whiteout oxygen, none of its metabolic activity will involve oxygen
What are the 3 energy systems?
ATP-CP system (anaerobic alactic), glycolysis (anaerobic lactic), aerobic system (cellular respiration)
How long does the ATP-CP system last?
10-15 seconds
What does the ATP-CP system use? Are there any by-products?
Uses stored ATP and creatine phosphate, there are no by-products
What are examples of sports that use the ATP-CP system?
Quick events/power events, 50- 100 m sprints, high jump
How long does the glycolysis system last?
15 seconds - 3 minutes
What does the glycolysis system use? Are there any by-products?
Uses glucose and glycogen to make ATP, by-product is lactic acid
What sports use the glycolysis system?
200-800 m sprint, hockey shift
How long does the aerobic system last?
3 minutes +
What does the the aerobic system use? Are there any by-products?
Uses glucose, glycogen, fats and proteins to make ATP, by-products are carbine dioxide and water
What are the 3 sub pathways of the aerobic system?
Glycolysis, KREB cycle, electron transport chain
The only aerobic energy pathway is the…
Aerobic system
What sports use the aerobic system?
Long distance/endurance events, cycling
What are the 3 muscle fibre types?
Type 1 (slow twitch), type 2A (fast twitch), type 2B (fast twitch)
What colour is type 1 muscle fibre?
Dark red