B2.1 Proteins of the Plasma Membrane
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Difference between integral and peripheral proteins?
Integral = permanent, span membrane; peripheral = temporary, surface-attached.
Function of channel proteins?
Form pores for ions/water to pass by facilitated diffusion.
Function of carrier proteins?
Transport specific molecules via facilitated diffusion or active transport.
Function of receptor proteins?
Bind signaling molecules (hormones, neurotransmitters) to trigger cell responses.
Example of transporter protein?
GLUT1 glucose transporter; moves glucose into mammalian cells.
Location of glycoproteins and glycolipids?
Exterior of plasma membrane; attached to proteins (glycoproteins) or lipids (glycolipids).
Function of glycoproteins?
Cell-cell communication, adhesion, receptor functions, immune recognition.
Function of glycolipids?
Membrane structure, tissue formation, immune recognition.
How do glycoproteins relate to blood groups?
Oligosaccharides on RBC surface act as antigens; determine ABO blood type.