organic chemistry 2

family of compounds, same functional group, similiar chemical properties and physical properties

part of molecule that largely dictates how molecule will behave

OH- hydroxide

Cn H2n+2 O

molecules with same molecular formula but different structures

fuels, drink, clean, sterilize

methanol and ethanol

ethanol is a biofuel in cars, burns with clean blue flame

ethanol + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

fuel made from biological sources

substance that releases energy when burned with oxygen

hydration of ethene fermentation

C6H12O6 -> C2H5OH + CO2 glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide (exothermic process)

enzyme- yeast (catalyst) temperature- 30 degrees anaerobic (absence of oxygen)

low energy needed (to not denature enzyme), renewable resource, cheaper,

The use of crops for fermentation could impact on food supply, not continuos process, requires impure product to be refined by fractional distillation as carbon dioxide also produced, slower

C2H4 + H2O -> C2H5OH ethene + water -> ethanol

temp- 300 degrees pressure- 60-70atm catalyst- phosphoric cid

continuos process, little input for human workers, yields pure ethanol, fast process

uses high temp thus expensive, non renewable resource use fossil fuels

liquid at room temp, volatile, boiling point of 78 degrees, highly flammable, burns readily with oxygen with clean blue flame, releases a lot of heat energy when burned does not release soot, can be used as a solvent

used as a solvent, eg cosmetics (safe for human contact) or perfumes (diffuses quickly), fuel as combustion highly exothermic

cheaper than gasoline, lots of land for agriculture such as sugar can, used to produce ethanol, low labor cost however because of land needed for agriculture, defloristtion takes place, realses co2, monoculture, not food for population consuming

an organic compound containing a –COOH functional group