Photosynthesis
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What are the 3 Parts in Light Reaction
• Photoexcitation and Photolysis • Electron Transport • Photophosphorylation( chemiosmosis)
What is the process of Photoexcitation and Photolysis
• Excites electrons of the electron carriers from using the photon that was ammited by the Light Energy • The energy from light photon are use to split water to oxygen which releases more energy
Process of Electron Transport in Light Reaction
• To do electrochemical Gradients (pumping hydrogen ions against its concentration gradients) • Helps for the final step for Light Reaction
Process of Photophosphorylation (chemiosmosis) in Light Reaction
-ATP synthesis due to electrochemical gradient and the proton motive force
What happens if the excited electro does not get accepted by electron carriers
• They are gonna go back to ground state - Heat and light are realized
Where Chlorophyll found?
• Is found in the thylakoid membrane - Is a cluster of PIGMENT
How many pigments in Photosystem Structure? Where is the primary electron acceptor located in the Photosystem Structure?
• There are a few hundred pigments - The Primary electron acceptor (PEA) is located beside reaction center chlorophyll
What are the 2 types of Photosystems
• Photosystem 1 P700 • Photosystem 2 P680 • The number shot optimal wavelength for absorption
Where does the Electro Transport Chain occurs?
-In the thylakoid membrane
What are the three proton in Thylakoid membrane that help with moving Primary Electron Acceptors between complexex?
• Plastquinone (Pq) • Plastocyanin(Pc) • Ferredoxin(Fd)
What are the four complex in the Electron Transport chain of Thylakoid membrane?
ETC -Photosystem 2 (PS2)(P680) -Cytochrome Complex -Photosystem 1 (PS1)(P700) -NADP+ reductase (an enzyme) ATP Synthesis -ATP Synthase
Thylakoid Proteins: Photosystem 2 P680
• Occurs first • PS@ absorb Light • Excited electron go in the reaction centre chlorophyll and is captured by the Primary Electron Accepter (PEA) • P680 loses an electron and now it will be oxidized (P680+)
Thylakoid Proteins: Plastquinone (Pq)
• Helps the Primary Electron Accepter (PEA) to travel through ETC • Electron -> plastiquions • Since it is mobile, helps transfer that electron to the next complex
Thylakoid Proteins: Cytochrome Complex
• The Pq helps transfer the electron from PS2 to Cytochrome Complex • While that is happening, the proton from the stroma are pumped agains its concentration gradient and into Lumen • Those Proton will later be used to synthesis ATP in ATP synthesis step
Thylakoid Proteine: Plastocyanin (Pc)
• Electron form Cytochrome Complex is transferred through the use of Plastocyanin • This Pc is located on the lumen side of the Thylakoid membrane
Thylakoid Proteine: Photosystem 2 (PS1)(P700)
• Another ETC occurs where this system takes the light photon form surrounding and uses it to excite electrons • This excited electron is captured by PEA and is send to the next stage leaving the system (PS1) oxidized • But the Pc that carried the electron will donate its electron to PS1 so it could go back to being neutral
Thylakoid Proteine: Ferradoxin (Fd)
• The PEA is now transferred to a mobile proton called Ferradoxin (Fd) • Ferradoxin is on the Stroma side • Carries the PEA to the next complex
Thylakoid Proteine: NADP+ Reductase
• NADP+ Reductase is an enzyme • The ferrodoxin helps transfer its electron to NADP+ reductase which helps put electron to the final electron accepter NADP+ • NADP+ —> Reduced to NADPH
What is the Purpose of NADPH
-NADPH will provide reducing power for the making of sugar in Calvin Cycle
How does PH2 replace its lost electron?
• we know that PS2 is a strong oxidizer • Electron from water (located in Lumen)is excited and they break • Those electron are used to help PH2 to become neutral form PH2+
Thylakoid Proteins: ATP Synthase
• Protons that were pumped through the stroma to the lumen in cytochrome complex and the protons that were created when replacing the lost electron in PS2 are used • ATP synthase uses those proton to pump them into it self like the Cellular Respiration • ATP is produced in the stroma