7th Science Bateria & Virus Outlines

_______ are unicellular organism that do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

_______ are microscopic prokaryotes.

There are two types of prokaryotes - bacteria and ______.

A typical bacterium consists of DNA and ____ surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall.

Bacterial cytoplasm also contain _______.

Bacterial DNA occurs in one coiled, circular ________.

A bacterium might also have smaller, circular __________ that are separate from its other DNA.

Many bacteria have capsules with hairlike structures called ________ that help the bacteria stick to surfaces.

Bacteria are much _______ than plant or animal cells.

Bacteria generally have one of three basic shapes - sphere, rod, or ______.

Some bacteria take in food and break it down and obtain _______. The food can come from dead organisms or ________ hosts.

Other bacteria make their food using energy from ______ or chemical reactions.

________ bacteria can survive without oxygen.

________ bacteria need oxygen, as humans do.

Many bacteria have long whiplike structures called _____ that they use for movement.

Bacteria reproduce asexually by ________. This type of cell division forms two genetically _______ cells.

During _______, two bacteria of the same species attach to each other and combine their genetic material.

_______ is transferred between bacteria during conjugation.

Conjugation results in new combinations of genes and increases genetic ______.

A(n) __________ forms when a bacterium builds a thick inner wall around its chromosome and part of the cytoplasm.

An endospore can protect a bacterium from intense heat, cold, or ________. It can remain ________ for months or even centuries.

Like a bacterium, a(n) ________ has a cell wall but no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

The ribosomes of archaea more closely resemble the ribosomes of ________ than those of bacteria.

Archaea often live in _______ environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes.