Quiz #5
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What are the 6 phases of cell division? (in order)
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis
What is the cell cycle?
Regular sequence of growth and division
What are the 3 stages of cell division? (in order)
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
What stage does a cell spend most of its life in?
Interphase
What happens during interphase?
• Cell growth • DNA replication • New organelles formed
What happens during mitosis?
Division of DNA and nucleus
How many sub phases does mitosis have? (state them)
4: Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What happens during prophase?
• Chromosomes form • Spindle fibers form from centrioles • Nucleus dissolves
What happens during metaphase?
• Chromosomes line up in the middle • Each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber
What is a chromosome?
Condensed DNA in the shape of an X
What happens during anaphase?
• Chromosomes split • Chromatids move away to opposite sides • Cell begins to stretch apart
What happens during telophase?
• Two new nuclei form • Chromosomes begin to lose organized appearance
What happens during cytokinesis?
• Cytoplasm and organelles divide • Cell membrane pinches in at the middle
Are mitosis daughter cells diploid or haploid?
Diploid
Diploid definition
A cell with 2 copies of each chromosome
Each new mitosis daughter cell is the same or different?
The exact same
What are the differences in cell division in plants and animals?
• Shape and arrangement • Plant cells form cell plates instead of pinching in at the cell membrane because they have a cell wall
What is cancer?
A disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably
What can prevent cancer?
Wearing sunscreen, eating healthy, not smoking
Cancer treatments
Radiation, surgery, or chemo
How does radiation treat cancer?
Fries the cancer cells
How does surgery treat cancer?
Cuts out the tumor
How does chemotherapy treat cancer?
Poisons the cancer cells
How is cancer related to cell division?
Something damaged the DNA, causing a mutation, creating uncontrollable growth and division