1.7 Oxidation,Reduction and Redox Equations
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What is an oxidation number?
The number of electrons lost or gained by an atom of an element in a compound
What is disproportionation?
When the same element is oxidised and reduced in the same reaction
What is the oxidation number of any pure element?
0 because it hasn’t reacted with anything to lose or gain electrons
What is the oxidation number on simple ions?
The same as the charge of the ion
What must the sum of the oxidation numbers equal?
The overall charge on the species
What is the oxidation rule in molecules and more complex ions?
The more electronegative element is the negative one
What are some fixed oxidation numbers?
Group 1= +1 Group 2 = +2 Al= +3 O= -2 h=+1 F= -1 Halogens= -1
How do you balance equations using oxidation numbers?
• Work out oxidation numbers • Balance atoms that change oxidation number • Identify redox pairs • Balance so reduction=oxidation • Balance oxygen by adding H2O • Add H+ to balance H
Balancing Redox equations steps?
• Balance atoms • Balance oxygen using H2O • Balance hydrogen using H+ • Balance charges