Food industry & Sustainability

Biological sequestration → storing carbon in plants

Traditional farming relies on may off-farm resources, such as water, fertilisers, herbicides and pesticides

Organic farming uses sustainable practices in all aspects of food production, handling, processing and labelling of food and food products

is a process where thesoil pHdecreases over time. This process is accelerated by agricultural production and can affect both the surface soil and subsoil.

• Land clearing has destroyed 90% of native vegetation from the eastern temperate Australia, 5% of rainforests, 30% of woodlands • Land clearing has caused issues with soil erosion and salinity • Soil acidification and eutrophication are consequences of farmers’ reliance of chemical fertilisers

traditional farming uses synthetic inorganic fertilisers which degrades the soil quality and leads to nutrient leaching

Nutrients are delivered y green and animal manure and crop rotation, which creates a higher level of nutrients in the soil, as well as producing a more complex soil structure

by using pesticides

Often use chickens to control insect pests and because of the higher biodiversity, there are more animals that help to reduce pests

Through the use of chemical herbicies

Mulching, removal of weeds, or suppression of weeds

Food security exists when all the people, at all times, have physical and economic access to a sufficient safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for a healthy and active life → 1996 World food summit

Caused by seasonal fluctuation of sufficient food

long-term lack of access to food due to prolonged war or drought

• High food security • Marginal food security • Low food security • Very low food security

Rising demand — population and diet Climate change Land degradation Water supply Technological improvements

International aid Environmental protection through policy Ethical consumption Native cereal crops Adapting to new environmental condition

(old label = Food security): no reported indications of food-access problems or limitations.

• obesity • human overpopulation • rising living standards • excess garbage • soil wear • global warming • CO2 emissions • globalisation • loss of resource bases • planned obsolescence

(old label = Food security): one or two reported indications—typically of anxiety over food sufficiency or shortage of food in the house. Little or no indication of changes in diets or food intake.

(old label = Food insecurity without hunger): reports of reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet. Little or no indication of reduced food intake

(old label = Food insecurity with hunger): reports of multiple indications of disrupted eating patterns and reduced food intake.