DNA profiling, ethics and genetic councelling
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what is DNA profiling? what is it used for ?
Obtaining a DNA ‘finger print’ to identify genetic makeup of individuals and possible heredity issues. USES: Forensic science, tracing ancestry,Identification of carrier for a hereditary disease. Eg Cystic fibrosis, Huntington’s disease.
how does DNA profiling work? why is it important
Technique used is Gel Electrophoresis: places sections of DNA on a bed of gel and passes an electric current through it. DNA is negatively charged so it moves to the positive electrode. Small pieces of DNA move faster, larger move slower- provide a series of bands that look like a barcode.This is called a DNA profile. DNA profile is also called a DNA fingerprint and is unique importance- Allows certain alleles associated with genetic disease and cancers to be identified. -Greater chance of effective treatment. -Determine risk of having a child affected with disease
what ethics are considered for DNA profiling
DNA profiling contains a complete set of a persons genome- although may provide great benefits - possible risks. Who owns the data? Who is allowed access to the data? How will the persons privacy be assured? What happens if data lost or stolen?
what is genetic councelling?
examining the incidence of a disorder in the family tree, the probability that a particular condition will occur can be determined.
why is genetic counselling important?
couple can determine whether to risk having a baby with inherited disorder?