C1.3 Metals and Their Uses
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Name the two main methods of extracting metals
Reduction and Electrolysis
Name two metals which can be reduced by carbon
Zinc, Iron, Tin, Copper, Lead
Why can iron be reduced by carbon?
Because iron is less reactive than carbon/carbon is more reactive than iron
Define the term reduction
The removal of oxygen from a compound (or loss of electrons)
Why can aluminium not be reduced by carbon?
It is more reactive than carbon
What is an alloy?
A metal mixed with other elements
Why is pure iron generally not used in construction?
It is too soft
Name an environmental impact of extracting metal in a blast furnace?
It produces carbon dioxide which causes global warming/ocean rising/melting polar ice caps.
What method is used to purify impure copper?
Electrolysis
Name a disadvantage of extracting copper with smelting and electrolysis?
Costs a lot of money/can produce sulphur dioxide which causes acid rain
What is the process used to extract copper with bacteria?
Bioleaching
What is the process used to extract copper with plants?
Phytomining
Name two properties which make copper useful for electrical wiring?
Conducts electricity Ductile (can be drawn into wires)
Name two properties which make copper useful for making water pipes?
Good conductor of heat Unreactive with water Malleable (can be bent or hammered into shape)
What property makes aluminium useful for aircraft?
low density/lightweight
Write a word equation for the reaction of iron with copper sulphate?
iron + copper sulphate –> iron sulphate + copper
Name an advantage of recycling
Costs less money/uses less energy/
Suggest an environmental problem from heating copper sulphide ore in air
Produces sulphur dioxide which causes acid rain