Unit 3 Getting The Most From Reactents
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Why are industrial process designed?
To maximise profit and minimise the impact on environment
What are factors influencing industrial processes of desgin?
Availability, sustainability, cost of feedstock Opportunities for recycling Energy requirements Use of by products Product yield
What are environmental factors to consider?
Minimising waste Avoiding use or production of toxic substances Designing products which will biodegrade if appropriate
What is the molar volume, what are the units?
Volume of one mole of gas l mol-1 Liters per mole
What affects the molar volume?
Temperature and pressure
How wld num of moles be calculated if given mads and gfm?
n=m/gfm
How calculate number of moles if given volume and concentration?
n=c*v
What is meant by excess reactant and limiting factor?
When one reactant will be in excess there will be some left over. Limiting factor is used up quick and controls how much of each product is produced
How can percentage yield be calculated?
% yeild = actual yeild/theretical yeild*100 Actual yeild-actual mass of desired product Theretical-mass of product tht should be produced
What does higher percentage yield show?
The more efficient the reaction
What does atom ecomany show?
A measure of the percentage of reactants that become useful products
How do u calculate atom economy?
% atom economy=mass of desired product/total mads of products100 Or %atom economy=mass of desired product/total mass of reactant100 DONT USE BYPRODUCT