Nutrition
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list the nutrient requirements
water energy protein vitamins minerals
list the nutrient classes
water carbohydrates lipids amino acids vitamins minerals
which nutrient is considered limiting when balancing a ration?
energy
which nutrient is the greatest concern for survivability?
water
what is the main source of energy for monogastrics?
simple carbohydrates in their diet
what is the main source of energy for ruminants and nonruminant herbivores?
VFA’s
what is the main source of protein for monogastrics?
their diet
what is the main source of protein for ruminants?
their microbes, which digest and synthesize protein from their diet
what are the main functions of water?
transportation, lubrication, cooling
what are the main functions of carbohydrates and lipids?
energy substrates
what are the main functions of proteins?
muscles, tendons, ligaments, connective tissue
what are the main functions of calcium, and which type of mineral is it?
macromineral, structure and movement
what are the main functions of sodium, potassium, and chlorine, and what type of minerals are they?
macrominerals, structure and signaling
what are the main functions of iodine and what type of mineral is it?
micromineral, synthesizing T3/T4, which controls metabolic rate
what are the main functions of iron, and what type of mineral is it?
micromineral, found in hemoglobin for oxygen transportation
what are the two types of minerals?
macrominerals and microminerals
how many macrominerals are there?
7
how many microminerals are there?
11
what are the two types of vitamins?
fat soluble and water soluble
list the fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
list the water soluble vitamins
C, B, B-complex
which type of vitamin can be stored?
fat soluble vitamins
what happens to the water soluble vitamins if they aren’t used?
they are expelled through urine
what is the function of vitamin A?
cell growth