Section 1 and 2
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Radiation
The movement of energy through visible rays. Ex: ultra violet
Conduction
The transfer of heat energy through collisions of the atoms or molecules of a substance.
Convection
The movement of matter caused by differences in density.
Density
The ratio of the mass to volume of a substance.
Energy
The ability to do work
Where does almost all the earths energy come from?
Sun
How can energy flow in different ways?
Through conduction, convection, and radiation
How does energy from the sun reach the earth?
Through radiation
Out of conduction, convection, and radiation which one does NOT require a medium?
Radiation
External energy
More than 99.9% of the thermal energy that we feel on the ground, ocean, and the atmosphere comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.
Internal energy
Leftover heat from the earth’s formation and energy released by atoms during radioactive decay processes.
Which is greater the earth’s internal or external heat?
Earth’s internal heat is much greater but it released a lot slower.
How does earth manage it’s energy?
The amount of energy the earth receives from the sun is balanced by the amount of energy that is reflected and emitted by earth back out into space.
Albedo
Measure of the percentage of light that a particular surface will reflect.
Positive feedback
A change that leads to a further change of the same type.
Negative feedback
When a process counteracts a change, slowing the change or moving it back to its previous state.
Accretion
Gradual buildup
What are the most abundant elements on the earth’s crust?
oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium
Crystal
A solid whose atoms or other components appear in a regular, repeating pattern.
Element
A substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances by chemical means.
Mineral
A substance that has specific characteristics.
Compound
A substance composed of atoms of two or more different types of elements that are held together by chemical bonds.