5.1 Transition Metals, Alloys and Corrosion
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Where are the transition metals found on the periodic table
The middle
Physical properties of transition metals
-Hard -Strong -Shiny -Malleable -Conduct heat well -Conduct electricity well -High melting points -High densities
Which transition metal does not have a high melting point
Mercury
Uses of gold
-Jewellery -Electronic components
Why is gold used in jewellery
It is shiny and malleable
Why is gold used for electronic components
It is a great electrical conductor and corrosion resistant
What is copper used for
-Water pipes -Electrical wiring
Why is copper used in water pipes
It is malleable and corrosion resistant
Why is copper used in electrical wiring
It is a good electrical conductor
Chemical properties of transition metals
-Transition metals and their compounds make good catalysts -Transition metal compounds are colourful
Catalyst
Speeds up the rate of a reaction without being changed or used up
Why are transition metals found compounds colourful but pure transition metals aren’t
The transition metal ion is what gives the substance colour
Malleable
Easily shaped by hammering
Why are metals malleable
They have a regular arrangement and so the layers of ions can slide over each other
Alloys vs pure metals
Alloys are stronger
Alloys
Adding another element to a metal
Why are alloys stronger than pure metals
The different sized atoms of the new element will disrupt the layers of atoms making it harder for them to slide over each other
Steel
Alloys of iron
Which element is normally used to make steel
Carbon
Low carbon steel properties
-More malleable -Less strong
High carbon steel properties
-Inflexible -Brittle -Very strong
Steel vs iron
-Steel is stronger and harder than iron -Steel will corrode slower
Stainless steel
Chromium added to steel and sometimes nickel
Stainless steel properties
-Strong -Corrosion resistant