PRELIM 02 - Structure and Bonding
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
Most of the atom’s mass is in the __________
Nucleus
Most of the atom’s volume is in the __________
Electron cloud
According to this model, the exact location of the electron cannot be known
Quantum mechanical model
The probability that the electron will be in a certain region of space at a given instant
Electron density
Electrons do not circle around the nucleus in fixed orbits but rather, in __________
Orbitals
Are used to describe orbitals
Quantum numbers
4 types of quantum numbers
Principal, Azimuthal/Angular momentum, Magnetic, Electron spin
Describes the orbitals occupied by the atom’s electrons when they are all in the available orbitals with the lowest energy
Ground-state electron configuration
4 rules in electron configuration
Aufbau principle, Hund’s principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
Are electrons below the outermost shell
Core electrons
Are electrons in the outermost shell
Valence electrons
An attractive force between two ions or between two atoms
Chemical bond
According to this rule, an atom is most stable if its outer shell is either filled or contains eight electrons
Octet rule
Bond formed as a result of electrostatic attraction between ions of opposite charge
Ionic bond
Compounds formed by ionic bonds
Ionic compound
Bond formed as a result of sharing electrons between two nuclei
Covalent bond
Compounds formed by covalent bonds
Molecular compounds
Measure of the ability of an atom to pull the bonding electrons toward itself
Electronegativity
A covalent bond between atoms with the same electronegativity
Nonpolar covalent bond
A covalent bond between atoms with different electronegativities
Polar covalent bond
A pair of equal and oppositely charged poles separated by a distance
Dipole
Measure of dipole
Dipole moment
Electron-dot structures
Lewis structure
Line-bond structures
Kekulé structure