Lifestyle & Health

Anything that has to do with physical state of body Good physical health can lead to satisfying & successful life

How you think, feel, act & cope with life in general To be emotionally healthy you should talk about feelings, ask for help when needed, keep in touch with friends & fo something you enjoy regularly AKA mental health

How you interact with other people in various situations & how well you make & maintain relationships To be socially healthy you should be able to hold & contribute to conversations, have friends & feeling of sense of belonging to groups like families, friends & classes

Help relieve stress, anxiety and depression, mind is occupied when exercising, which can act as distraction from problems of daily life. Improves self esteem through enhanced body image Can relieve aggression as channeled into sport/activity in more controlled manner

Leading busy lives - difficult to find time to prepare meals Give in to temptation of unhealthy food Availability & convenience of fast food Cost comparison between fast food & healthy food

Taste Low cost Readily available Extensive advertising Quick/no preparation time

Low nutritional value Can be addictive Unknown nutritional content Desire to lose weight Desire to eat balanced diet Desire to learn how to cook

Scurvy - lack of vitamin C Brittle bones/ osteoporosis - lack of calcium Anaemia - lack of iron

Salt - High blood pressure Sugar - tooth decay, weight gain & obesity, mood swings, aggregation of asthma Fat - high blood cholesterol - causes HD, weight gain & obesity

Activity or effort whereby people aim to improve physical fitness & overall health

At least 30 minutes of moderate intensity active 5+ days per week

60 minutes moderate intensity activity everyday

Burns excess calories which could turn into fat if the body does not use them Improves sleep Increases flexibility Increases energy levels Increases blood flow to brain, which improves concentrations Increases body temperature which stimulates glands, nerves, joints & circulatory system

Stronger bones & muscles Improves body shape, muscle tone & balance Reduces risk of certain illnesses including type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease & cancer Prevents premature aging Increases stamina, endurance & balance and can lead to faster reactions Reduces blood pressure Increases ‘good’ cholesterol & decreases ‘bad’ cholesterol Stronger immune system, which helps fight against infections SIR PIRIS

Allows individual to participate in exercise activities Helps meet new people & make friends (sports teams & exercise activities) Learn & develop new skills (teamwork & co-operation) Gives sense of belonging

Aggression- channelled into sport, in more positive controlled manner, can be mood altering Improves self-confidence & self-esteem, being part of team Reduces feelings of fatigue, have more energy to keep going & can boost daily activities, enabling people to cope better Helps individual to feel good as endorphins/serotonin released in brain ‘happy hormones’. This can contribute to enjoyment of life

Poor Diet – diet high in saturated fat, salt & simple carbohydrates can lead to overweight or obese Lack of sleep – leads to fatigue & lethargy. Individual less likely to feel motivated to be active Due to technological developments in society, people leading more sedentary lives - having negative impact on health & negatively affecting life expectancy Poor physical health can cause a decline in mental health Taking illegal drugs such as cocaine can cause heart problems, depression and insomnia

Promotes friendships & positive relationships Self-discipline & conduct etiquette is learnt through sport Being active can reduce sense of isolation & loneliness Develops community cohesion playing in team based in individual’s community

Improved retention, positive, healthy work environments can reduce employee turnover & recruitment costs Higher employee commitment. Healthy employees more committed to organisation Greater employee resilience. Healthier employees are, in general more resilient & better able to cope with changes, uncertainty & ambiguity which now more common in modern organisations Healthy workforce is beneficial to employers, by creating positive, safe & healthy environment for employees. This environment will increase staff morale, improve employees’ work-life balance, also having positive impact on business Less absenteeism, healthy workers more motivated to stay in work, recover quicker & at less risk of long-term illness. Organisations stand to make substantial cost savings by promoting health in workplace & reducing sickness absence

Increase in heart rate, stroke volume, & cardiac output Burns calories, used to provide energy Blood flow increased as hard-working muscles demand more oxygen Chemical changes occur, more adrenaline & endorphins released from brain Control body temperature due to heat generated by working muscles

Exercise stimulates thickening & improved elasticity of cartilage Exercise reduces obesity by burning off excess fat during & after activity when body’s metabolic rate remains elevated Whole of skeletal system can be strengthened through performing exercise Reduction in blood pressure when resting. Exercise does cause blood pressure to rise for short time, however when individual stops their blood pressure should return to normal Increased aerobic fitness – when exercise performed over period of weeks or months, body adapts. Physiological changes that occur with repeated exposure to exercise improve body’s exercise capacity & efficiency. With aerobic training, e.g. running & cycling, heart & lungs become more efficient & endurance capacity increases.

Increases threat to health & chance of developing diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, cancers WHO estimated obesity causes around 3 million deaths per year. Clear link between inactivity & obesity Research shown lack of exercise causes as many as 1 in 10 premature deaths each year Research shown that poor physical fitness directly linked to higher disease rates & higher death rates There’s persistent & widespread inequalities in health, where life expectancy lower in less affluent areas In UK, research estimated average life expectancy was 80–82.5 years for females & 78.5 for males. This however, is affected by leading health risk factors for nation today, including tobacco & harmful alcohol use. Cardiovascular disease remains the biggest killer, followed by cancer