UNIT 2: Week 2
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Principles of muscle rehab following acute injury
• Relative rest • Early mobilization • Early strengthening
Principles of muscle rehab: relative rest
• avoid tensile stress • maintain health of uninjured tissues through other forms of PA
Principles of muscle rehab: early mobilization
• progressive, controlled ROM exercises performed in a pain free range
Purpose of early mobilization
• promote collagen deposition along usual lines of stress • minimize risk of cross linking, adhesions or contractures • maintain CT, joint and muscle mobility • assist circulation
Types of early mobilization
• PROM • AAROM • AROM
Best practice recommendations for early mobilization
• begin with muscle in its inner range (shortened) • slowly mobilize towards outer range (stretched) • stop prior to pain
General principle for prescribing early mobilization
F: 3-5x /day I: pain free T: PROM, AAROM, AROM V: 1-3 x 5-10 reps P: increase volume, increase frequency, outer range
Principles of muscle rehab: early strengthening
• progressive, controlled strengthening exercises performed in a pain free range
Purpose of early strengthening
• avoid disuse muscle atrophy • maintain bone mineralization, circulation, connective tissue tensile strength, functional activity tolerance, muscular fitness neuromotor control • contribute to whole body adaptations
Advantages of isometrics
• develop strength in pain free position • re-establish neuromuscular control • minimize atrophy • promote circulation • may be done with or without equipment
Disadvantaged of isometrics
• strength changes are angle specific • possible difficulty objectifying effort • possible breath holding during exertion • may not replicate function
Advantages of isotonics
• develops strength through full ROM • produce large amount of force (eccentric>concentric) • ease of objectifying effort • contributes to whole body adaptations
Disadvantages of isotonics
• greater metabolic cost (concentric>eccentric>isometric) • may require close supervision • may require equipment • risk of muscle soreness
Best practice recommendations for early strengthening for isometrics
• begin with muscle in inner range • voluntarily tense muscle • stop prior to pain
General exercise prescription for isometrics
F: 1-3 x/day I: %MVC without pain T: isometrics V: 5- 10 reps x 5-10 s P: increase volume, multiple angles towards outer range
Best practice recommendations for early strengthening for isotonics
• begin with endurance FIT-VP • see chart from last week
Emerging evidence
• Criteria based rehab vs time based rehab • Value of eccentric loading for injury prevention