Biology Grade 10 Test #2
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
what does looking at tissue tell someone
if they have cancer or not
what is cancer
Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the human body
what is the normal function of DNA repair Genes
-helps fix damaged DNA
What Happens if DNA Repair Genes are Mutated?
-A mutated DNA repair gene means your cells can’t fix DNA damage properly. -that can lead to more mutations, which can cause diseases like cancer.
what is the normal function of proto-oncogenes
Helps cells grow and divide
what happens if proto-oncogenes are mutated?
-grow to much -cells will divide uncontrollably
what is the normal function of tumour suppressor gene
-Slow down cell division and kill the cells if they become dangerous
What happens if Tumour suppressor Genes are mutated?
cells can’t stop themselves from dividing
what does further mutations lead to
Higher risk in cancer
what is a biopsy
sample of tissue being sent to a lab
what is apoptosis
how cells destroy them selfs when damaged or unneeded
what is a benign tumour
-Cells are contained -not cancerous
what is a malignant tumour
-cells are spread out -cancerous
what are the 6 steps of how cancer grows
• cell has mutation that make it divide rapidly • Tumour starts on the surface of the organ 3.The tumour steals nutrients in the blood from healthy cells 4.the cancer cells go deeper 5.cancer cells are carried by the blood to other parts of your body • cancer cells start to invade other areas
what is angiogenesis
Angiogenesis is the process of making new blood vessels. Tumors use angiogenesis to grow blood vessels toward themselves so they can steal oxygen and nutrients from the body. This helps the tumor grow and get bigger.
what is metastasis
where cancer cells spread to other parts of body
what are the 3 ways cancer can spread and explain each point
• Metastasis- cancer cells are spreading to other parts of your body • Through the bloodstream- cancer cells enter your blood vessels and travel to other organs • Lymphatic system- Cancer can spread through it by traveling in lymph fluid to other parts of the body.
why is screening for melanoma important?
It is the most dangerous skin cancer and if found early, can be usually cured
what is an endoscopy
• a way to diagnose cancer -Using a flexible camera that goes in through the inside of your mouth with built in tissue extractor -seeing inside of esophagus
what is an X-Ray
-a way to diagnose cancer -Using radiation/energy to produce images of your tissue -Negative: Radiation
what is an ultrasound
-a way to diagnose cancer -using sound waves to produce an images of tissue -Negatives: Limited details (may miss something small)
what is an CT scan
-a way to diagnose cancer -scan of your full body -Negatives: LOTS of radiation
What is an MRI scan
-a way to diagnose cancer - uses strong magnets and radio waves to take detailed pictures of the inside of your body -Negatives: Takes a long time
what is the hierarchy for Tissues, Organs, and organ systems
Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism.