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crude oil

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

what is crude oil

Back (Answer)

chains of hydrocarbons

#2
Front (Question)

how are the fractions separated

Back (Answer)

by fractional distillation

#3
Front (Question)

order of fractions

Back (Answer)

refinery gas gasoline kerosene diesel fuel oil bitumen

#4
Front (Question)

refinery gas used for

Back (Answer)

cooking and heating

#5
Front (Question)

gasoline used for

Back (Answer)

fuel for cars

#6
Front (Question)

kerosene used for

Back (Answer)

fuel for aeroplanes

#7
Front (Question)

diesel used for

Back (Answer)

fuel for trucks

#8
Front (Question)

fuel oil used for

Back (Answer)

fuel for ships

#9
Front (Question)

how are the fractions separated (where)

Back (Answer)

in a fractionating column

#10
Front (Question)

what does the fractionating column provide

Back (Answer)

temperature gradient

#11
Front (Question)

bitumen used for

Back (Answer)

roads and roofs

#12
Front (Question)

process of fractional distillation

Back (Answer)

• crude oil is heated and vapourised • the vapours of hydrocarbons enter the column which has a temperature gradient • the vapours of hydrocarbons with high boiling points condense at the bottom • vapours with low boiling points rise up and then condense at the top

#13
Front (Question)

properties (4)

Back (Answer)

as you go DOWN • colour darkens • boiling point increases • viscosity increases • flammability decreases

#14
Front (Question)

what does fuel do when burned

Back (Answer)

releases energy

#15
Front (Question)

when does complete combustion happen

Back (Answer)

with excess oxygen

#16
Front (Question)

complete combustion produces

Back (Answer)

water and carbon dioxide

#17
Front (Question)

incomplete combustion happens when

Back (Answer)

theres insufficient oxygen to burn

#18
Front (Question)

incomplete combustion produces

Back (Answer)

soot or carbon dioxide and water

#19
Front (Question)

why is carbon monoxide dangerous

Back (Answer)

it binds to haemoglobin, stopping and slowing oxygen transport to organs

#20
Front (Question)

formation of nitrogen oxides

Back (Answer)

• car engines can reach very high temperatures • this allows gases in the air which are usually unreactive (nitrogen and oxygen) in the air to react • this produces oxides of nitrogen

#21
Front (Question)

what does oxides of nitrogen cause

Back (Answer)

acid rain and irritates lungs

#22
Front (Question)

formation of sulphur dioxide

Back (Answer)

hydrocarbon fuels (diesel, kerosene) contain sulphur impurities when the fuel burns, sulfur reacts with oxygen forming sulphur dioxide

#23
Front (Question)

sulphur dioxide creates

Back (Answer)

is a toxic gas which causes acid rain

#24
Front (Question)

how is acid rain formed

Back (Answer)

sulfuric acid and nitric acid react are formed when sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen react with oxygen and water, and they fall as acid rain