introduction 3.1
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what’s the chemical test for water?
anhydrous copper sulphate, turns from white to blue tells us that water present but not how pure it is
what’s the two physical tests from water?
melting point 0 degrees boiling point 100 degrees the purer the water the more it matched the properties
what’s an element?
a substance containing only one type of atom
what’s some properties of metals and what side of the periodic table are they on?
left side high melting and boiling point conductors malleable shiny
what’s some properties of non-metals and what side of the periodic table are they on?
right low boiling and melting point insulators brittle dull
what’s the definition of a compound?
substance containing more than one type of atom, chemically bonded together
how can compounds be made?
by heating their elements together for example if you heat and wait zinc and sulphur it creates zinc sulphide
what are the three types of compounds and what type of elements are they?
metallic - metals ionic - metals and non-metal covalent - non-metals
how is the compound ammonium chloride made?
in a tube the two gases diffuse from the ends of the sealed tube when they meet the compound ammonium chloride forms a white smoke ammonia + hydrogen chloride > ammonium chloride hydrogen chloride molecules are heavier as they diffuse slower if you hear the tube the white smoke forms quicker
what’s solute?
the substance that is going to be dissolved
what’s solvent?
the liquid which is going to do the dissolving
what’s the solution?
the resulting mixture of the solute dissolved in solvent
what’s saturated?
a solution in which no more solvent can be dissolved
what’s solubility measured in?
g per 100g of solvent
what do you need to remember when measuring solubility?
g per 100 G OF SOLVENT
what does solubility vary with?
temperature
what’s the area under a solubility graph tell us?
soluble
what is suspension?
a solid floating in a liquid as it cannot dissolve
what does soluble mean?
a substance that can be dissolved
what does insoluble mean?
a substance that cannot be dissolved
what’s the area above a solubility graph tell us?
insoluble
what are diatomic molecules?
when atoms are paired up hydrogen - H2 nitrogen - N2 and so on