exam3

fish that can swim against currents in water column

high Re -inertial dominate viscous forces -must minimize pressure drag for fast continual motion

cephalopods, fish, mammals, sea birds, reptiles

belong to phylum Mollusca, includes octopus, squid, cuttlefish, nautiluses

generally carnivorous, high developed nervous system with excellent vision, color change, internal fertilization

pigment cells used to color change and camoflauge

made of calcium carbonate, many internal chambers that can have gas to liquid ratio regulated to help move up and down the water column

cuttle fish use their color changing abilities to confuse or lore prey into them before striking

aquatic vertebrates with gills, fins, and streamline body shapes, very diverse group

bony fish with true bone skeletons, very diverse, teeth fixed in jaws, single gill opening

cartilaginous fishes-skates, sharks, rays. replaceable teeth rows, 5 or more gill slits

long and narrow-acceleration specialized, round coin/shapes-maneuvering specialist

undulation of the body to move- more undulations in eels, tail concentrated in sharks and tuna

Oxygen from water is picked up through mouth and over exposed gills when swimming. more oxygen in water than in gills so diffuses into gills

feathery with lots of capillaries and surface area to absorb most oxygen.

blood flows in the opposite direction to the water that flows over gills, gives most favorable gas gradient throughout the body

in most boney fish to regulate buoyancy, can inflate/deflate with oxygen gas to move up or down the water column

flexible sac located in dorsal portion of body that controls gas for buoyancy

intertwined capillaries and veins to help with countercurrent exchange to retain oxygen near gas gland

most common, rapid expansion of mouth to Greate pressure gradient to pull fish into oral cavity

fish opens mouth and swims forward, engulfing prey along with the water surrounding it. ex.whale sharks

aka filter feeding, feed on particles suspended in the water, don’t swim but rather rely on water movement to bring particles into mouth

gill rakers are on opposite sides of gill arch as the filaments. Used to keep prey in mouth instead of falling out through gills with water

sensory system in fish that detects movement in water thru neuromasts along lateral line, lets them gauge where they are in the water and detect predators