Chapter 6
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Animal biotechnology
The application of biotechnology methods to improve animals
Atom
The smallest unit of an element
Biotechnology
The management of biological systems for the benefit of humans
Chromosome
One of the thread-like parts of a cell nucleus contains the genetic material
DNA
A protein-like nuclei acid on genes that controls inheritance
Dominant trait
A trait that covers up or masks the allele for a recessive trait
DNA sequencing
Determine the order of the nucleotides in a DNA fragment
Gene
A segment of a chromosome that contains a hereditary trait of an organism
Gene transfer
The moving of a green from one organism to another
Genetic code
The sequence of nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule
Allele
An alternate form of a gene
Genetics
The laws and processes of inheritance by offspring from parents
Genome
The genetic material for an organism
Heredity
The passing of traits from parent to offspring
Heterozygous
Having different alleles for particular trait
Homozygous
Having similar alleles for a trait
Micro injunction
A process of injecting DNA into a cell using a fine-diameter glass needle and a microscope
Molecular biotechnology
The science of changing the structure and parts of cells to change an organism
Molecule
The smallest unit of a substance
Mutation
A change that naturally occurs in the genetic material of an organ
Oocyte
An immature egg cell in the ovary of a female
Oocyte transfer
The process of transferring an oocyte from a donor to a recipient in which fertilization will occur
Organismic biotechnology
The science of improving intact or complete organisms without artificially changing their genetic makeup
Particle injection
Using a mircoporjectile unit to shoot tiny particles costed with DNA into cells