LIVER FUNCTION TESTS

Liver is composed of 2 types of cells:

To abolish liver tissue function, more than ___ of the liver must be destroyed

Liver secretes plasma proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, lipoproteins, clotting factors, ketone bodies and enzymes 12g of albumin produced daily

Involved in metabolism of bilirubin 200g - 300g of bilirubin produced daily

Liver serves to protecy the body from potentially injurous substances absorbed from intestinal tract and toxic by-products of metabolism Ammonia is converted to urea in liver

Excretion of bile involves the elimination of bile acids or salts, pigments, cholesterol

Storage site for all fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins Storage depot for glycogen

Important for assessing nutritional status and presence of severe disease involving liver, kidney and bone marrow

Transudates have a TP of

Exudates have a TP of:

Total Protein is usually performed in serum, which has no __ and no ____

Reference Method of TP

Reference method but not routinely use Based on measurement of the nitrogen content of protein Serum treated with tungstic acid, forming protein-free filtrate

Nitrogen content of proteins

Reagent of Kjedahl Method

End product of Kjedahl Method

Most widely used method Extensively used in clinical laboratories Requires at least 2 peptide bonds and an alkaline medium to measure total protein

Cupric ions complex the groups involved in the peptide bond forming a violet-colored chelate is ___ to the number of peptide bonds present and reflects the TP level at 545 nm

Reagents of Biuret Method:

Highest Analytical Sensitivity Oxidation of phenolic compounds such as tyrosine, tryptophan and histidine to give a deep blue color

Main reagent of Folin-Ciocalteu

Color enhancer of Folin-Ciocalteu Method

Absorbance of proteins at 210 nm is due to absorbance of peptide bonds at specific wavelength Proteins absorb light at 280 nm and at 210 nm

Migration of charged particles in an electric field