Adaptation and Inheritence
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inherited
feature passed on from ancestors in genes
environment
the surroundings or conditions in which an organism lives
what are the three factors that can cause characteristics
.inherited .environmental .both
give at least 3 examples of characteristics that someone can have due to inheritance factors
.natural hair colour .ability to roll tongue .eye colour .birthmark
give at least 3 examples of characteristics that someone can have due to environmental factors
.ear piercings .accent .tattoos .hair length
give at least 3 examples of characteristics that someone can have due to a mixture of inherence and environmental factors
.height .freckles .weight .skin colour .intelligence
why are identical twins identical and fraternal twins non-identical?
identical twins are produced when the fertilised egg splits into two before the foetus begins to develop. this means that they have identical DNA. however, fraternal twins are produced when two separate sperms fertilise two different eggs. this means that the twins have similar genes but not identical DNA.
in cells, chromosomes occur in
pairs
how many pairs of chromosomes does every cell contain?
23 pairs
the 23rd pair of chromosomes determine whenever
you are a male or female
females have
two x chromosomes
males have
one x chromosome and one y chromosome
alleles
different versions of the same gene
dominant alleles have
a capital letter (e.g. A)
recessive alleles have
a lower-case letter (e.g. a)
if recessive alleles are shown, will they be present if the other letter was upper case (e.g. Bb)
N O
if dominant alleles are shown, will they be present regardless if the other letter was upper or lower case (e.g. Bb)
Y E S
if recessive alleles are shown, will they be present if the other letter was lower case (e.g. bb)
Y E S
give some adaptations a tiger has
.sharp ears to locate prey .sharp teeth to grip on their prey .stripes to blend in with its surroundings so it can creep towards prey .powerful muscles to run at a fast speed .sharp claws to grip on their prey .tail to help it balance and climb
what is the order of cells
cell nucleus chromosome DNA molecule gene
give some adaptations a camel has
.thick eyelashes + eyebrows to block debris and sand entering their eyes .big feet area to minimise pressure and sink into the sand .hump full of FAT which can be substituted as energy or water .thick fur adapted for hot days and cold nights
what are the following factors that effect population size?
.weather .habitat/shelter .disease .amount of water .amount of food .number of predators
predator
an animal that catches and kills other animals for food
prey
an animal that is caught and killed for food