Miscellaneous Class Presentations

Killing Traps - Designed to rapidly kill the target species. Restraining Traps - Designed to hold the animal in place until the trapper arrives

Neck Snare - A wire loop tightens around an animal’s neck as it moves forward, cutting off air flow Body-Gripping Trap - A spring-loaded frame snaps shut on an animal’s neck for an instant death.

Pros - Reduces suffering – Designed for a quick, humane kill. - Works in harsh weather – Effective in extreme conditions. Cons - Non-selective trapping – Catches unintended animals - Trap failures – Traps may not work properly. - Trap avoidance – Animals learn to avoid traps. - Animal suffering – Traps can cause stress or injury. - Traps need to be checked often – animals may be held instead of killed if the trap fails.

Foot Snare - A loop tightens around the animal’s foot when triggered. Leg Hold - Clamps onto the animal’s leg to restrain it. Box Trap - A cage-like trap that captures animals alive.

Pros - Selective trapping – Catches only the intended animals - Keeps fur undamaged – Preserves the pelt. - Allows relocation – Moves animals safely. Cons - Easy prey – Trapped animals can be attacked. (2, 3) - Injury risk – Animals may chew off limbs. - Harsh conditions – Can cause dehydration or exposure. - Stressful – Leads to fear and trauma.

Agreement on International Humane Trapping Standards (AIHTS): promotes humane trapping and trapping research. Traps need approval and certification. Fur Institute of Canada: ensure traps used meet AIHTS through trap testing and research. Funded by the government of Canada. Canada Wildlife Act: conservation of wildlife and protection of wildlife areas.

Multiple risks may occur: ~ Bleeding ~ Coughing ~ Swelling ~ Gagging ~ Infection. - Long term consequences: ~ Aspiration Pneumonia ~ Airway Narrowing ~ Scarring = Laryngeal Webbing - Webbing brings some ability to bark back - Additional surgery needed - Neglect underlying cause - Possible animal quality of life decrease ~ exercise and heat intolerance, welfare and health decrease - Loss of communication - to humans and animals

• Electric Shock • Smell Collar • High pitched Frequency collar • Vibrations

An animal that is known to be domesticatec, however, escapes domestication and/or captivity to live in a wild state

• Vermin Control • Resuced Disease Transmission • Livestock Protection and Resuced losses • Additional Food resources • Tourism Opportunities

• Agricultural Damage and Crop Losses • Disruptions of Ecosystems and Biodiversity Loss • Spread of Zoonotic Diseases and Healthcare Costs • Costs of Population Control Programs • Infrastructure Damage

Parasitic Zoonotic Disease - Caused by the ingestion of undercooked meat containing larvea - Lives in intestines - High infection rate in feral swine Symptoms: - Nausea - Vominting - Diarrhea - Abdominal Pain - Edema - Conjunctivitis Treatment - Antiparasitic Drugs - Supportive Care Prevention - Biosecurity Measures

• Biosecurity • Tracking, trapping, and relocating • TNVR initiative • Culling/Shooting • Educating the Public

Banding Method - Involves applying a tight band around the base of the tail. - Cuts off blood supply, leading to ischemia, necrosis, and eventual tail loss. - Preferred method of breeders as it requires no aseptic techniques or specialized equipment. Surgical Excision - Performed by veterinary surgeons or breeders (even without surgical training). - Uses instruments such as razors, knives, scissors, or scalpels. - Tail is cut at a predetermined length after hair is clipped. Procedure severs muscle, bones, and nerves completely

Support - Dog Breeders Against - Vetrinarians - Ethics organizations