Module 4: Section 2- Alcohols, Haloalkanes And Synthesis
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Alcohols What is the functional group
-OH
Alcohols What’s the suffix for one alcohol
-ol
Alcohols What is the suffix for two alcohol
-diol
Alcohols What’s the prefix
Hydroxy-
Alcohols What are the three types of alcohol
Primary secondary and tertiary
Alcohols What’s a primary alcohol
1 carbon around the carbon of the OH group (End of chain )
Alcohols Notation for a primary alcohol
1°
Alcohols What’s a secondary alcohol
2 carbon around carbon with OH group (In chain)
Alcohols Notation for secondary alcohol
2°
Alcohols What is a tertiary alcohol
3 carbon around carbon with OH group Branched
Alcohols Notation for tertiary alcohol
3°
Alcohols Are alcohols polar
Yes due to the electronegative hydroxyl group which pulls the electrons in the C-OH bond away from the carbon atom
Alcohols What type of IMF can alcohols form
Hydrogen bonds
Alcohols Compared to alkanes what is alcohols solubility like
High water solubility
Alcohols Why do alcohols have high water solubility
Hydrogen bonds form between the -OH and H2O so lets it mix freely
Alcohols What happens to water solubility as alchohl gets larger and why
Solubility decreases because most of the molecule is non polar so there’s less attraction for the polar H2O
Alcohols Do alcolhs have low or high melting and boiling points compared to alkanes and why
Hydrogen bonds formed between alcohols which are the strongest type of IMF and requires the most energy to overcome
Alcohols Are alcohol volatile
Relative low volatility compared to alkanes
Reactions of alcohols What is combustion
Burnt in oxygen
Reactions of alcohols What is produced in the combustion of alcohol
CO2 and H2O
Reactions of alcohols Why are alcohols more likely to undergo complete combustion in comparison to incomplete combustion that alkanes
Already have oxygen in structure
Reactions of alcohols Important to remember whilst balancing equation fo combustion
Oxygen atom in the alcohol
Reactions of alcohols What is dehydration
Removal of H2O
Reactions of alcohols In dehydration where is the H2O removed form
Loses the -OH and -H groups