Electrical Systems
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What are electrical cells
Portable source of electricity
Wat do electrical cells contain
Chemical Potential energy which is converted to electrical energy and then different types of energy
What is an electrical circuit
Path along which electrical currents move, formed by electrical components joined together
What is a closed circuit
Electrical components joined together without any gap creating a complete pathway for electrical current to flow through
What is open circuit
Electrical components joined with a gap between creating incomplete path way for electrical current to flow
What is an electrical current
Flow of electric charges
How to measure electrical current
Ammeter
How to connect ammeter to a circuit
Positive terminal of ammeter to positive terminal of the electrical cell
How does conventional current flow + what does it carry
Charge carriers are positive charges Flows from positive to negative end of terminal
What is electron flow and what does it carry
Carries electrons From negative to positive terminal of battery
What is potential difference
Aka voltage Amount of work done to drive a unit charge through the component
How to measure potential difference
Using voltmeter
How to connect voltmeter
Connect in parallel to appliance
What is electrical resistance
Measurement of how much the component opposed the flow of electrical current
SI unit of resistance and relationship
SI unit: ohm The higher the electrical resistance, the harder it is for current to flow through causing current flow to be lower
How does high/low resistance affect the bulb?
High resistance Lesser current flow Dull bulb Lower resistance More current flow Bright bulb
Do insulators and conductors have electrical resistance? [ tell me about special conductors too ]
Yes Insulator like rubber plastic = vv high resistance = lesser current flow through Conductor like copper = low resistance = more current flow through TAKE NOTE: conductors like tungsten and in chrome are special and have vv high resistance
What is a resistor
Electrical devices managing flow of current through circuit via controlling resistance in circuit
What are fixed resistors
Resistor of known value which cannot be changed
What are variable resistors
Aka rheostats They vary the resistance in a circuit
Tell me about the arrangement of one resistor in series
In series there is only one pathway for electrical current to flow through so one resistor in series will cause more hindrance and lesser current to flow through making bulb dimmer
Tell me about the arrangement of two resistor in parallel
Parallel circuit have more than one pathway for electrical current to flow through causing lesser hindrance despite 2 resistors letting larger current flow through to shine the bulb brighter
What is a series circuit
Circuit with only one pathway for electrical current to flow trough If there is a gap circuit will be incomplete due to one pathway only causing circuit unit to become open
What is a parallel circuit
It is a circuit it’s more than one pathway for current to flow through Allows circuit to still be complete even if one bulb blows due to more than one pathway for electrical current to flow through