Class Three
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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why is phosphoric acid inorganic
doesn’t contain carbon
unique quality of phosphoric acid
can donate three protons
how is pyrophosphate formed
two orthophosphates (aka normal phosphates) bound together via an anhydride linkage
example of a high energy phosphate bond
P-O-P bond in pyrophosphate
hydrolysis of pyrophosphate is..
thermodynamically favourable
why is the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate very favourable in the cell
cells have higher concentrations of ATP than ADP and P
reasons why phosphate anhydride bonds store a lot of energy (3)
when phosphates are linked together, their negative charges repel eachother orthophosphate has more resonance forms → lower free energy than linked phosphates orthophosphates have a more favourable interaction with water than linked phosphates
building blocks of nucleic acids
nucleotides
nucleotides contain..
a ribose (or deoxyribose) sugar group a purine/pyrimidine base at C1 1 or 2 or 3 phosphate units at C5
RNA precursor
ATP
universal short term energy storage molecule
ATP
energy extracted from food is..
immediately out into the phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP
UTP - glycogenesis
activates glucose-1-P
DNA aka
deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA aka
ribonucleic acid
why are DNA and RNA called nucleic acids
found in the nucleus and have many acidic phosphate groups
building block of DNA
dNTP
deoxyribose vs ribose
deoxyribose is missing an OH
the purines are..
guanine and adenine
the pyrimidines are..
cytosine and thymine
purine vs pyrimidine
purine: double ring structure (6-membered and 5-membered ring) pyrimidine: single 6-membered ring
can purines and pyrimidines H bond
yes that is why in dilute solutions, they won’t bond to each other (will bond with the water - RNA)
what is a deoxynucleoside composed of
deoxyribose and an aromatic base
backbone of a nucleic acid
sugar-phosphate portion → invariant