Basic Animal Nutrition

• series of processes by which an organism takes in and assimilates food for promoting growth and replacing worn out or injured tissues • encompasses several fields of discipline like biochemistry, chemistry, physiology, endocrinology, microbiology, and genetics

any feed constituent, or a group of feed constitutents of the same general chemical composition that aids in the support of life

• breakdown of feed particles into suitable products for absorption • may include mecahnical forces, chemical action and enzyme activity

mixture of nutrients for horses, livestock, poultry, and aquaculture species

transfer of substance from gi tract to the circulatory or lymph system

combination of anabolic and catabolic reactions occurring in the body with the liberation of energy

complex proteins produced in living cells that cause changes in other substances within the body without being changed itself

• all the food/feed consumed by an animal • could also be one of the mixtures of feed coponents in an experiment

two types of diet

all nutrients provided in a chemically pure state

some of the nutrients are provided in a chemically pure state

• food given daily to an animal • for livestock, this can be a synonym for diet

high energy and/or protein supplements provided to ruminants

broad category of nutrients all animals need

eat plants, including fiber

three groups of animals based on type of food they eat

consume plants (grain) and animals in their feed

fully or almost excluseively consume animals

necessary for proper growth and normal body functions

chemical elements or compounds that promote growth

what are carbohydrates, fats, and water made of

ingredients in animal diets, including the non-nutrient components such as flavoring or preservatives

two categories of animal feeds

• animal feed that are high in fiber and are leess digestible than concentrates • include hays, grasses, silage, and straw