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L12 - Nucleophilic Substitution (SN1/SN2/E1/E2)

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Total cards: 11•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (11)

#1
Front (Question)

What is a nucleophile?

Back (Answer)

Region of high e- density Lp/negative charge

#2
Front (Question)

What is an electrophile?

Back (Answer)

Region of low e- density

#3
Front (Question)

What is a good leaving group able to do?

Back (Answer)

Stabalise a negative charge

#4
Front (Question)

What are the steps in SN2?

Back (Answer)

• Nu- attacks 180 • transition state with 5 specied • LG leaves • inversion of chemistry

#5
Front (Question)

What are factors for SN2?

Back (Answer)

• v good Nu • primary + secondary substrates

#6
Front (Question)

What are the steps for SN1?

Back (Answer)

• LG leaves • tertiary carbocation intermediate • forms racemic mixture

#7
Front (Question)

What is the rate determining step in SN1?

Back (Answer)

The LG leaving - slowest steps

#8
Front (Question)

How does SN1 form a racemic mixture?

Back (Answer)

Because the Nu- can attack from either side of the p-orbital

#9
Front (Question)

What are factors for SN1?

Back (Answer)

• v good leaving group • weak Nu • large Nu • stabilised carbocation

#10
Front (Question)

What are the steps in E2?

Back (Answer)

• base attacks proton • e- move to form db • LG leaves

#11
Front (Question)

What are the steps in E1?

Back (Answer)

• LG leaves • base attacks proton • e- moves to form db