Unit 2
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What is Energy
The ability to do work
Where does the majority of the energy on earth come from?
The sun
What are the three types of energy transfer
1) Radiation 2) Convection 3) Convection
What type of energy transfer doesn’t require a Medium?
Radiation
What is Conduction?
The transfer of heat energy through collisions of the atoms or molecules of a substance.
What is Convection?
The movement of matter caused by differences in density.
What is Radiation?
The movement of energy through electromagnetic waves
Where does the heat from inside the earth come from?
It is left over heat from Earth’s formation and energy released by atoms during radioactive decay processes.
What is Albedo?
The measure of the percentage of light that a particular surface will reflect
What are the three types of light movement?
Reflection Absorption Scattering
What is a Feedback loop?
How a change in a system can lead to further change
How did Earth Form?
Earth formed through accretion, or gradual buildup, as smaller rocky bodies in space collided.
Where does the shape of a crystal come from?
The shape of a crystal comes from its Structure
What are the most common elements in Earth’s crust?
Oxygen, iron, silicon, aluminum and calcium.
What is a mineral?
A substance with specific characteristics
What are the different properties of a crystal?
Different Crystals will have different colors and textures.
What Defines a mineral?
Occurs Naturally Inorganic solid Has a specific chemical composition Has a definite crystal structure
What is a native element?
A crystal made of a single type of element. EX- Solid Gold
What is a Compound?
A compound is a substance composed of atoms of two or more different types of elements that are held together by chemical bonds.
What determines the size of a crystal?
How quickly the magma cools and hardens